A Short Talk on Preparing a Talk Essay -- Speech

A Short Talk on Preparing a Talk 1. Introduction This paper offers suggestions for more effective ways to plan the talk, and a checklist of points you should consider from the moment you know you will give a talk. Careful preparation and effective delivery are the keys to giving quality speeches or presentations. Without sufficient preparation, you may find yourself unable to respond to questions raised by the audience, which will lessen the impact of what you have to say. No matter how much time you have to prepare a talk, it never seems to be enough. Yet, before you can begin to work on the talk itself, or even start to prepare any visual aids, there are four points you need to consider: duration of the talk, audience, subject and objective. In this paper these four points are discussed. Let us deal with them one by one in the order they appear above. 2. Duration of the talk The shorter the talk has to be; the more difficult it will be to do it well. Giving a brief talk requires proportionally more preparation time than longer talk. You have less time to search for the right words, less time to receive feedback from your audience, less time to work through theory and to give illustrations. If you want to be effective, do not underestimate the time it will take you to prepare yourself for a short five to twenty minutes) talk. The time allowed for the talk also determines the scope and the level of detail you can go into. A brief talk will necessarily be less complicated and will deal with fewer points. The duration of the talk can roughly be estimated as follows: studies in reading have found that an average person speaks at more or less 150 words per minute. A ten-minute talks therefore cannot be much longer than 1500 spoken words. If you are going to read your speech (something which you should avoid doing) you can prepare about three and a half A4 pages (12 font and single spaced), which will give you about 1250 words. You will need additional time to get on stage, say the opening words and tell the audience what you will be talking about, and to get off stage at the end with a short recap. In this figures give you an idea of time spend in talking, nevertheless you are still advised to rehearse and rehearse in advance until you are sure of the exact amount of time you will need. Instead of reading the talk you may decide to t... ... a success. It is very difficult to give an effective talk, reading up on the script while preparing the visual aids. 5. Objective Finally, there is your objective or aim of giving the talk. This objective needs to be phrased in terms of the behaviour you hope to see in your audience if the talk is a success. This is fairly concrete goal. Your aim or objective is the touchstone against which you can test all your options in selection and/or omission of material, the organisation and structuring of the talk, the choice of a slide or other visual aid, etc. Without a clear objective it will be all too easy to wander off the point, to prepare irrelevant materials or to organise the talk in a way that confuses the listener. It is always worthwhile to try out different ways of phrasing the overall objective of the talk, as small differences in phrasing may lead you to new insights on the content and structure of the presentation. At this stage you lay the groundwork for the many hours of preparation that will follow. It is therefore well worthwhile spending a little extra time in the planning stage, attempting to be specific and concrete in phrasing the objectives as possible.

Educational Trip to UP Diliman and PHILVOCS

The first part of the trip was on UP Dilemma Engineering Laboratory, the first equipment introduce to us was the hydraulic bench, it is used to investigate channel flow, hydraulic Jump, determining the coefficient of discharge flow of the system. The second equipment was air pipe assembly and oil pipe assembly, for the air pipe it is used to determine friction losses in pipe and discharge, oil pipe it is used to determine if the flow is laminar or turbulent, velocity distribution in pipes.The other equipment were the closed circuit wind tunnel, it determines the pressure distribution and velocity distribution around various bodies, Portable Wind tunnel, it determines the lift and drag around various bodies. The other equipments are the different types of Universal Testing Machines, which determines the strength of the material being tested. For the testing of steel reinforcement they are determining the yield point and breakage point of the steel, while on the concrete cylinder testi ng they are only to determine the ultimate strength of concrete because concrete doesn't have yield point.The last equipment they show us was the rainfall simulator which determines the discharge flow of water on the drainage system. The second part of the trip was on PHILIPPICS, here they discuss us the recently earthquake that happened on Boll which is 7. 2 magnitude. The presentation they show us tells us how devastating the earthquake was, it has destroy a lot of establishments and churches that are centuries old, the place was a total mess.In here they explained to us how disastrous an earthquake can be. For us being Civil Engineering students they have a presentation which shows the full scale shaking test of CHUB houses, which shows the difference of a substandard and standard built houses. They also thought us here on how to be prepared when earthquakes occurred and also remind us to check our houses if they are safe when time earthquake occurs.Because of the this educationa l trip it awakens me that the reality of responsibility of being a Civil Engineer we should not only be obliged to Just do our work, we also need to ensure the safety of the people around us. It is strongly recommended for us to have this kind of educational trip because it is true that we can't learn everything with Just the four corners of the classroom, sometimes we need to go beyond the four corners of a classroom.

My First Semester Of Ib History Essay - 1468 Words

The first time I encountered a class assignment that contained blatantly contradicting information was during my first semester of IB History. Prior to this, the information provided to me in classrooms - regardless of whether is was presented through textbooks, note packets, or teacher lectures - had always shown one clear answer and left no room for disagreement or discussion. In other words: how it was written on the pages was how it had happened. I never thought to question the information provided to me by these sources, justifying my thinking with the idea that: it would not be in a school textbook unless it was entirely accurate. However, the assigned reading packet of excerpts explaining the causes of World War I ripped my preconceived notions about the unambiguous nature of history to shreds. Each excerpt was written by a different historian and took a dramatically different view on the issue. By the end of the class discussion it became clear that my teacher was not search ing for â€Å"the one right answer†, but rather the answer that each student was able to best justify — regardless of whether that answer happened to fit with a single historian s viewpoint or a be mix of multiple. As a student who had always been taught to memorize the â€Å"right† answer and regurgitate it back on tests and quizzes — this revelation was earth shattering. I began to wonder how it was possible for so many different ideas and theories to emerge from the same basic facts and what thisShow MoreRelatedThe Assessment Of Multiple Intelligence, Preferred Learning Style And Left Right Brain1734 Words   |  7 Pagesintelligences are dominant for you. My results for the following intelligences were: Linguistic (word smart) My result for Linguistic was 17/25, which was surprising for me and it was one of the scores I most disagreed with. I consider my linguistic skills to be one of my biggest strengths; although I believe what threw the testing off was questions about learning new languages, as I find that very difficult, despite my skills with English. Logical (number smart) My logical results were as expect asRead MoreWhy I Learned About International Business974 Words   |  4 Pageswere many things that I like about the class and there was nothing that I did not like at all. The things I liked about the class were reading the book Chosen. I really enjoyed being able to learn about International Business. This course was for semester five students but I was able to get in and I am glad that I was. One of the reasons I like the class was also that the teacher Rabih Hitti was easy going and kept the class engaged in the discussions and made the class stay awake for the 1:30 thatRead MoreWhy school needs to have strict discipline.1547 Words   |  7 Pagesschool. I am well aware that each works very hard, and you are ambitious students. And yes, sometimes we are late, or not prepared due to unforeseen circumstances. Let me try to explain the reasons why the school has made these disciplinary rules. First, a student will not be expelled for being late in the morning, where traffic and other things can hinder us all in getting to our destination on time. If a student is late in the morning, all that happens is that our receptionist calls the studentsRead MoreGraduation Speech On Attending College And Playing Collegiate Sports1503 Words   |  7 PagesDrew Moore Mrs. Johnson Sports Lit 24 February 2015 College On June 10, 2015, I will be graduating and entering the real world. In the days to follow, I plan on attending college and playing collegiate sports. My first option is to attend Central Washington University, the school that my dad attended in the 1980’s; there I would major in Communications. 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Sophocles Antigone and Ibsens A Dolls House - 612 Words

In Sophocles’ Antigone and Ibsen’s A Doll’s House, both authors create women protagonists, Antigone and Nora, who challenge societies’ traditional expectations in different ways. Antigone defies and challenges the rules of her uncle and King of Thebes, Creon. Nora, on the other hand, goes against the norm of her society by first forging her father’s signature on a loan and deceiving her husband, Torvald. Although both Antigone and Nora’s societies possess similarities regarding a woman’s place and purpose, they both rebel against a woman’s societal expectations in substantially different ways with the similar pure motives, which as a result leads to two different freeing conclusions. All literary criticism is expressed through genuinely different opinions of a piece of literature because it is from another person’s point of view. Many critics argue differing theories regarding Antigone and Nora’s motives for making great sacrifices in order to escape oppression and challenge the rule of man resulting in their different denouements. Frank Bernhard makes his own criticized interpretation of Antigone’s motives, â€Å"we could interpret Antigones remarkable lack of interest in her fiancà © [and cousin], Haemon, as an attempt to disengage herself from the incest of her familys past†¦That would explain Antigones recurrent death wish that culminates in her suicide by hanging† (Bernhard 170). Lorraine Markotic criticizes Nora’s motives arguing that, â€Å"Nora does not really want to disruptShow MoreRelatedComparison of A Dolls House and Antigone1248 Words   |  5 Pagesfrom ‘The Empowered Woman’ by Sonny Carroll In my mind, Sonny Carroll’s poem perfectly represents what an empowered woman should be; firm, determined and able to stand on her own feet. 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Every woman was raised believing that they had neither self-control nor self-government but that they must yield to the control of a stronger gender. John Stuart Mill wrote in his essay, â€Å"The Subjection

Taught Me Purple Literary Analysis - 945 Words

Tragedies affect each and every family differently from the next. The way you respond to them and deal with them, paves the way for how relationships turn out. In the play Death of a Salesman, the real tragedy is the way Willy puts on a facade to his family, and to himself, regarding his success as a salesman. In the poem Taught Me Purple, the real tragedy is that the mother was able to teach the child many things, but could not teach some of the most important values in life, such as self respect and dignity. The tragedies in both of these works affect the relationships between Willy and Biff, and the mother and author in Taught Me Purple, similarly because both tragedies revolve around the yearning for achieving the â€Å"American Dream† and†¦show more content†¦If Willy was as liked and successful as he puts on to be, it is very likely the family would not have to stress that much about money. This false perception that Willy has of his life begins to affect his r elationship with people in his family, especially his eldest son Biff. When Biff was younger he and Willy had a strong relationship. Willy was very proud of his son in regards to his athletics and believed that he would one day become very successful. Biff, as an adult, did not fully meet his fathers expectations as he remained jobless for an extended period of time. Willy is very disappointed in Biff and resents him for not meeting his expectations, becoming one of the things, including Biff knowing about his fathers affairs, that caused a large strain in their relationship. Willy knows deep down that he did not achieve the american dream and he is disappointed because he believes Biff is following in his footsteps and will not achieve it either. In the poem Taught Me Purple, the context of the poem is about a single mother and her daughter living in an urban, lower class, community. The mother, works hard to provide for her and her daughter and along the way teaches her daughter m any different lessons. â€Å" My mother taught me golden And held me up to see it, Above the broken molding, Beyond theShow MoreRelatedEssay on British Literature Lesson Reflection1376 Words   |  6 Pagesfirst the aim, then the materials (Nunan 1995, 40). Nevertheless I was compromised with two apparently opposed guidelines: of course, the need to base the lesson on British Literature pieces and this ICELT task (C3-1) that requires that vocabulary is taught. Aside from that, there is another difficulty; my students are one week away from their graduation. Obviously, their energy and motivation is not on their learning experience anymore but on their prom (See Appendix 1). Therefore, it was imperativeRead MoreMens Rea The Writing Style and Feminism of Lakambini Sitoy7010 Words   |  29 Pages 3 Literary Research Methodology Method of Literary Research Used 14 Sources of Data 14 Verbal Data-Gathering Process 14 Phase I – Analysis of the Main Characters 15 Phase II – Instances of Symbolism 15 Phase III – Instances of Figurative Language 16 Phase IV – Background, Influences, and 16 Motivations of Sitoy as a Filipina Writer Phase V – Sitoy’s Writing Style 17 4 Data Presentation, Analysis, andRead MoreSubject Object Constitution Of Pre Raphaelite Compositions : Binary Or Hierarchy?1692 Words   |  7 Pagesportray art with vivid realism and scientific fidelity? Their art came in the form of a revolution against the â€Å"sterile tradition† of painting â€Å"the eternal brown cows and ditches, white sails, sliced lemons and foolish faces† which they were also taught to emulate in the Royal Academy. But is it also important to mention that the Pre- Raphaelite brotherhood was equally interested in literature and poetry as much as in visual art. The term â€Å"Pre- Raphaelites† came into existence because they upturnedRead MoreReview Of Charlotte Bronte s Jane Eyre 10879 Words   |  44 Pagesas Bronte also struggled to come to terms with balancing her feelings and freedom. It has also been pointed out that Bertha Mason is Charlotte Bronte. Both did not get to go out, failed to find love, and expressed themselves in unorthodox ways. Literary Period: Victorian Produced: October 16, 1847 Published: Smith, Elder, and Co., Cornhill Country where written: England Setting Location: Gateshead, Lowood School, Thornfield, Moor House, and Ferndean Time Period: Early 1900s Weather if relevant TheRead MoreConfucianism in Journey to the West31834 Words   |  128 PagesUniversity of Leiden 14 June 2012 Department: Language and Culture of China Course: Visual Political Communication (BA3) Semester: Summer Semester 2011/2012 Lecturer: Florian Schneider Journey to the West A Textual-Visual Discourse Analysis Name: Stefan Ruijsch (Student No. 0620203) Major: Chinese Studies, BA 3 E-mail: s.ruijsch@umail.leidenuniv.nl Phone: 06-48369645 Address: Vrijheidslaan 256, 2321 DP Leiden Word Count: 9,387 Table of Contents pageRead Morewisdom,humor and faith19596 Words   |  79 Pagesman in his profound incompetence to judge others; humor: the intoxicating relativity of human things; the strange pleasure that comes of the certainty that there is no certainty.† Milan Kundera, Testaments Betrayed (1995), 9, 32-33. â€Å"When people ask me if theres an afterlife, I answer, ‘If I knew, I would tell you.’† Art Buchwald,  Too Soon to Say Goodbye (2006), 29. ——————————————— â€Å"I can’t imagine a wise old person who can’t laugh.† So said psychologist Erik Erikson, and many wisdom researchersRead MoreDuchess Of Malf Open Learn10864 Words   |  44 PagesMalfi, focuses on the representation of the theme of love and marriage in the Malfi court, and the social conflicts to which it gives rise. The unit guides you through the first part of the play and will help you to develop your skills of textual analysis. This unit focuses mainly on Acts 1 and 2 of the play. You should make sure that you have read these two acts of the play before you read the unit. The edition of the play that is used in this unit is the Pearson Longman (2009) edition, edited byRead MoreThe Censorship of Art Essay example14698 Words   |  59 Pagesfew concerned parents (Coletti 1987:421-426; Gray 1989a:151-153, 1989b:6-8; Kaufman 1986:228-231; McDonald 1988a:302-106; Roldan 1987:222-231). Tipper Gore, wife of current Vice-President and then Senator of Tennessee Albert Gore, bought the album Purple Rain by Prince for her then 11-year old daughter. She was shocked to find out that one of the songs on the album, Darling Nikki, contained a reference to female masturbation. The same Prince song was also listened to by the daughter of free-lance

Blind Side (Healthy Family Relationships) Free Essays

Blind Side (healthy family relationships) What makes a healthy family? Well in the movie † The Blinde Side† it depicts the importance of family, and what parents need to do in order to raise a happy, healthy family. Leah Anne Touhy a mother of the memphis family took strong effort in changing Michael Oher, a troublesome kid’s life for the better. Leah brought Michael into the family as one of their own. We will write a custom essay sample on Blind Side (Healthy Family Relationships) or any similar topic only for you Order Now Leah then saw that Michael Oher, was born into a family of 12, was held back 2 years in elementary school and had a horrible education record with a . 6 GPA. Leah knowing these factors decided to adopt Michael and raise him to become the American football player of the Ravens he is today. This was only accomplished by the efforts of commitment and communication which was used throughout the entire movie. Through the entire movie the Tuohy family used efforts of commitment and communication to change not only Michael’s life but their own too. It started with the introduction of Leah Tuohy’s son, S. J. to Michael who happily greeted himself. S. J. showed confidence in himself to let Michael know that you should smile. Later on Michael was found wandering the streets in the night cold when Leah Anne and her family were driving home from a play that her son was in. Leah Anne being the compassionate person she is stopped the car and got out to confront Michael and offered him a stay at their warm house for the night, Michael had no other place to go so he took it. Leah Anne set up a bed for him and made him comfortable. The next morning Michael was on his way to leave but Leah Anne stopped him in his tracks and brought him back in. This showed Leah Anne’s caring for other people. It happened to be thanksgiving that day and the family was huddled around the couch watching tv while Michael was eating off in the dining room. Leah Anne quickly observed this and brought everyone to the dining table so that all of them would celebrate thanksgiving as a family including Michael. During the Thanksgiving dinner Leah Anne offered Michael shopping so that he could feel comfortable in clothes other than his own 2 pairs of shirts and shorts. On the trip there Leah Anne stopped the car to get a eye-to-eye conversation showing that she takes great care in finding out Michaels past and how she can help him for the better. One night Leah Anne asked a simple question to Michael, if he wanted to stay? Michael responded † I don’t like anywhere else† and sure enough she turned the guest room into a comfortable place for Michael with a bed, that he had never had before. Michael was improving his grades and now able to play on the football team, in celebration the Tuohy family went to diner. As they arrived Leah Anne had to run a quick errand to the Library and they found an old book that was read to the children when they were younger. After the dinner and went home Leah Anne read that book â€Å"Ferdinand the bold† to both S. J. and Michael in a heartwarming bond with the daughter over behind the door listening carefully and cherishing and old time story that was told to her. Later Leah Anne was in bed with her husband expressing her happiness and that it was because of Michael. She goes on to talk about how she influenced by the change in michael that she wants to have charities for people in Michael’s condition. Slowly they wander off into sexual intercourse showing that as well as Leah Anne’s responsibilities she still has time to express her inner feelings with her husband. Michael, never having a photo ID before asks Leah Anne if he could get a driver’s license not just for the driving but for an identification of himself. Leah Anne agrees and takes him to the DMV when they run into a problem. Michael has no name registered for himself and Leah Anne comes up with an idea that changes everything. Leah Anne then talks to her husband about the issue of adopting Michael into the family. They communicate with their ideas about this and share their feelings toward it as well. They come to decide together happily that its best if they adopt Michael since he’s already a part of the family as it is. Leah Anne goes to an office that deals with legal guardians and finds that she just needs to go before a court and get permission from a judge to adopt. She is startled in that she doesn’t need to confront the mother and decides it’s the right thing to do. She confronts the mother and she tries to make the situation comfortable as possible letting Michaels mom know that she wants to adopt Michael. Michaels mom slowly takes in the idea and accepts. The family then has a family meeting where they discus what’s going on and they finally bring on the idea to Michael that they want to adopt him and he happily accepts saying aren’t I already part of the family. From these commitments and communication comes many learning’s and values. This shows that a little bit of kindness can go a long way. The efforts from Leah Anne Tuohy changed Michael Oher’s life for the better. It started with a simple stay at their own home to adopting and taking care of Michael himself. Not only that the family came closer together than before and in result a happier healthier family as well. The communication within the family was already strong and with the addition of Michael their communication became one. The family changed the life of Michael Oher, but Michael Oher changed the families lives forever. How to cite Blind Side (Healthy Family Relationships), Essays

Victims Low Levels Of Social Interactions †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Victims Low Levels Of Social Interactions? Answer: Introducation Autism is a mental disorder, long term in nature which is diagnosed in young children of ages as low as one and three years old. It is a pervasive disorder in the course of development in children and it is characterized by poor communication methods, being extremely unresponsive to other children and adults, having a rigid behavior and being highly repetitive (Kenny et al., 2016). The pervasive development disorder is a form of the autism spectrum in which in which the victims have low levels of social interactions, unnecessary response to varied stimuli in the environment in which they live in and poor communication methods. This paper will cover several aspects related to autism such as etiology, history, causes, and treatment. Based on the Statistical Manual on Mental disorders part 4, impairments in terms of social interactions and communication problems observed by autism children are lack of eye to eye contact, inability to use gestures as a form of non-verbal communication an d lack of nonverbal behaviors among others. In other cases, the autism children are unable to form peer relationships with their colleagues, while they also indicate a repetitive behavior in their activities (Case-Smith et al., 2015). These repetitive behaviors include the continued preoccupation with some restricted pattern of activities and motor manners such as twisting hands or flapping fingers. For children below the age of three years, there is an observable delay in the development such as the language, participating in imaginative plays, understanding symbols and social interaction with the people around them. Historical perspective The autism disorder was first described by a Swiss psychiatric and psychologist Bleuler Eugene. In this case, autism has been described as a basic disturbance in schizophrenia such that an individual is withdrawn from the social life. On the basis of the Diagnostic Statistical Manual of mental disorders, the spectrum of autism disorder is composed of childhood disintegration, pervasive development disorder, autism disorder, Asperger disorder, and Rett disorder. The reports from clinicians indicate that the symptoms of autism disorders begin to be observed at around eighteen months during childhood days (Brunsdon Happ, 2014). One of the criteria used to detect the possibility of autism by clinicians on children is the use of language. This criterion is more specific because it is easy to detect an abnormal verbal or nonverbal form of communication. Some of the common indicators using language criteria are the body posture, eye to eye contact, use of gestures and much more during a social interaction session. There are varied causes of autism but they vary from place to place, and one person to another, although other causes may be common (Talkowski et al., 2014). Although iodine deficiency is a known cause of autism, this condition has also been known to be both genetic as well as hereditary. Food which is deficient of iodine causes low IQ, cretinism and other negative effects to the growing fetus. In other cases, pregnant women who do not give their bodies enough time to heal may lead to the birth of the next child being with an autism disorder (Alexandra, 2015). There is a close association which exists between iodine deficiency in the diet and the development of low attention and hyperactivity, especially in the United States. Considering the fact that iodine deficiency is at a marginal state in most families, exposure of children or expectant mothers to anti-thyroid materials like organochlorines, and tobacco smoke lower a number of thyroid hormones. This leads to the development of hypothyroxinemia which in turn causes the birth of autism children. Although autism was reported in the 20th century, it has been on the rise even throughout the 21st century. It is also important to note that in the United States, the African Americans and Hispanic males are the highest groups with autism children. Gender differences It is clear that there are more males than females who are affected by autism disorder. While there is no clear reason for the gender split in autism, it is clear that the women are less affected because they have better verbal skills while men have visuospatial skills. Diagnosis of autism nowadays in relation to the previous decades There is an increase in the number of children suffering from autism in this decade as compared to the previous decade. This is true especially due to the observed increase in the incidence, that is the number of diagnosed cased per year as well as the prevalence, which is the sum of the affected people in the overall population suffering from autism in the previous half century. While various studies have reported increasing diagnoses of autism from year to year, it is apparent that these cases are on the rise. The most recent accepted prevalence is that in every one hundred people, one of them suffers autism (The conversation, 2011). However, the severity of this condition varies from time to time and with the individuals. For instance, sometimes back, autism was referred as infantile autism, because the diagnosis was based on the child demonstrating low and slow language development process. However, with time, it has been found that autism affected children may present some symptoms that are less severe and hence the need for the development of other diagnostic methods like pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified. It is also worth noting that there has been an observable rise in the cases of the infantile autism for the last two decades, meaning that there is a broad gap in terms of the diagnostic methods. This clearly means that there are some people who previously were categorized into a certain diagnostic banner but currently, they are receiving the primary diagnosis for autism. The increase in the current high cases of diagnosis as opposed to the previous decade are due to the fact that there are modern methods that have been developed to screen whole populations and are thus very sensitive in the identification of the autism affected people. Genetic causes of autism There is a close association of autism with genetics especially through the involvement of the de novo mutations (Toriello, 2016). Some of these mutations may be passed from parents to the children while others just arise spontaneously. For instance, the effects of recessive genes in the development of autism disorders have been explored. These recessive genes are passed from one generation to another although their effects are only found in case a person inherits two copies of identical genes, that is one from each of the parents (Nadesan, 2013). The recessive mutations in the inherited genes thus destroy the normal functions of a gene. In other cases, the risks of genetic causes of the development of autism make the inherited mutations to cause a partial loss of gene roles. When the roles of the partially disabled mutations have altered this results in a total loss of the functions of a gene (Ronemus et al., 2014). accounting the most common genetic disorders that are linked to aut ism disorder is the fragile X syndrome. While the level of inheritance characteristics is high in autism, the manner in which inheritance takes place is still not clear (Chen et al., 2015). Sometimes, there may be multiple interactions of genes and several loci predispose one individual to autism as opposed to the other. There are some methods used to determine the inheritance methods of autism. Use of cytogenetic studies through molecular biology are used to determine the de novo problems in the chromosomes among individuals or families (Gooney Isere, 2013). The use of whole genomes makes it possible to make a prediction on the exact location of the disease. In other cases, the structural differences on the chromosomes involving the copy number can be used in the study of the development of autism in genetics. Diagnosis using the DSM 5 There are changes which take place when making a diagnosis of the autism disorders in the context of the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorder for DSM 5. This has enormous results and benefits especially for psychologists when evaluating the children affected by autism (Esler Ruble, 2015). The adoption of DSM 5 from the previously used diagnostic methods has led to the elimination of subthreshold categories as well as high-level reliance on instruments in providing the validity of data. However, this method has specific issues related to making decisions and revision on how best to evaluate this criterion (Volkmar Reichow, 2013). Some valuable advantages of DSM 5 that are very useful in autism diagnosis include the enhanced description of the level of disorders as well as the use of combined dimensions. Treatment methods For parents whose children have been diagnosed with autism disorders, it is paramount for them to seek interventions early enough. These interventions include speech as well as occupational therapy, which is commonly offered in special schools and hospitals respectively. However, this strategy requires that the parents find out the behaviors of their children so that they can know the specific needs that they require or are deficient. For instance, a parent might consider things like the anti-social behaviors, the amount of words that the child can speak at a certain age and the nonverbal communication capabilities (Pellicano et al., 2014). As the autism affected child develops, there are times when the child may develop aggressive behaviors, indicating a need to seek treatment as early as possible. Other recommended treatment options for autism disorders include supplementing foods with vitamins and minerals, use of exclusive diets and use of heavy metal ions chelation methods. Prevention strategies Generally, there is no approved method of preventing autism disorders, more so when its etiology is considered. However, when it is diagnosed early, there could be higher chances of improving this condition by seeking early interventions which in turn prevent the condition from further development (Croen et al., 2015). Considering the arguments that autism is genetic and hereditary, then it would be important if spouses get to understand their genetics as well as family history preferably before they get married. Other strategies would involve seeking less exposure to chemicals, alcohol, and tobacco smoke. All in all, the preferred autism prevention method is getting to fully understand the condition, through communal or individual education and understanding one's family background on the basis of this disorder. While autism is described as knowing no family, level of income, race or ethnic group, high prevalence are found in African Americans as well as Hispanic men. Conclusion It is thus clear that autism disorders affect children and have grave consequences. In the United States, it has been found that less of the Latin American have this condition while high prevalence is found among the Hispanics and African American men. Of great importance is that the parents need to have their children diagnosed early enough so that they can commence the treatment methods. Some of the notable symptoms include delayed speech, antisocial behaviors, and others. It is also true that parents who have children suffering from autism spend so much time giving them attention and in many cases may tend to live in denial. At this point, it is crucial to focus on seeking treatment such as in special schools which offer occupational therapy and speech therapy. Moreover, the parents need also to join support groups that best understand their conditions. Understanding the family history in terms of the possibility of autism disorders is also important before partners decide to marr y so as to avoid having any of their off springs from suffering from this disorder. References Alexandra, S., (2015). This may explain the rise in autism diagnoses. Retrieved from https://time.com/3652619/autism-diagnosis/ Brunsdon, V. E., Happ, F. (2014). Exploring the fractionationof autism at the cognitive level. Business, 18(1), 17-30. Case-Smith, J., Weaver, L. L., Fristad, M. A. (2015). 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